美《国家利益》：让美国再次流氓_风闻

美《国家利益》：让美国再次流氓

作者：宛如诗 

核心提示：暗杀伊朗少将卡西姆 · 苏莱曼尼，以及为这次暗杀编织的理由，无论从时间还是空间的角度来看，都表现出极度的短视。

美《国家利益》：让美国再次流氓

Making America Rogue Again 

译文简介：暗杀伊朗少将卡西姆 · 苏莱曼尼，以及为这次暗杀编织的理由，无论从时间还是空间的角度来看，都表现出极度的短视。

译文来源：https://nationalinterest.org/blog/paul-pillar/making-america-rogue-again-111796

正文翻译：龙腾网

翻译：宛如诗

The assassination of Iranian Maj. Gen. Qassim Suleimani, and the rationales offered for this killing, exhibit extreme myopia no matter where one looks in space and time.

暗杀伊朗少将卡西姆 · 苏莱曼尼，以及为这次暗杀编织的理由，无论从时间还是空间的角度来看，都表现出极度的短视。

Looking forward, there is no evidence that President Donald Trump’s ordering of the assassination was guided by any appreciation for the ill consequences that would follow, including the recent Iranian retaliation. The administration’s assertions that Americans are now safer are belied by the administration’s own travel advisories and other tacit admissions that Americans are decidedly less safe than they were a week ago. Suggestions that the assassination was intended to pre-empt an imminent Iranian attack—for which the administration has offered no public evidence—are belied by ample indications that the operation was in preparation for some time. 

展望未来，没有证据表明，唐纳德 · 特朗普总统下令进行暗杀是出于对随之而来的不良后果的任何认识，包括最近伊朗的报复。 

政府声称美国人现在更加安全的说法，与政府的旅行建议以及其他一些心照不宣的承认不符，后者显示美国人明显比一周前更加不安全。 

有关暗杀行动是为了预先制止伊朗即将发动的袭击的说法 ( 政府没有提供任何公开证据) 是站不住脚的，有大量迹象表明，这次暗杀行动已经准备了一段时间。

Besides, Suleimani was not the triggerman for any plot that did exist, and killing such a senior leader does not pre-empt anything. Far from the assassination having, as Trump put it, “stopped for good” whatever the Iranians may have been planning, it hardly dents the ability of the Iranian Quds Force, with its deep bench, to operate.

此外，苏莱曼尼并不是任何阴谋的触发者，杀死这样一位高级领导人并不能预先制止任何事情。 

特朗普说，暗杀行动是为了“预先制止” ，不管伊朗人可能在计划什么，它几乎没有削弱伊朗圣城军的运作能力。

That responsibility is not relieved by observations that Suleimani “had blood on his hands” or was “responsible for the death of Americans.” Iranian actions, like the actions of other states, do not take place in a vacuum. Most of those American deaths occurred in a war of choice that the United States launched in Iran’s neighbor Iraq and that triggered both a sectarian civil war and an insurgency against an occupying power. Moreover, applying the bloodied-hands metaphor to a senior military or political leader such as Suleimani, who has ordered or commanded operations amid warfare, opens up one’s own senior military and political leaders to similar rhetorical treatment. How might non-Americans assign responsibility, for example, for the civilian deaths, numbering in the hundreds of thousands, resulting from the offensive war in Iraq that an American president ordered and that U.S. generals commanded?

这种责任并没有因为苏莱曼尼“双手沾满鲜血”或者“对美国人的死亡负有责任”的观察而减轻，伊朗的行动和其他国家的行动一样，不是凭空发生的。 

这些美国人的死亡大多发生在美国在伊朗邻国伊拉克发动的一场选择性战争中，这场战争引发了宗派内战和反对占领国的叛乱。 

此外，把血迹斑斑的“双手”比喻应用到苏莱曼尼这样的高级军事或政治领导人身上，会让自己的高级军事和政治领导人也受到类似的修辞对待，苏莱曼尼曾在战争期间下令或指挥军事行动。 

美国总统下令、美国将军们指挥的伊拉克进攻战争，造成数十万平民死亡，美国的将军们该如何承担责任？

Beyond the myopia about an immediate destructive past and more destruction yet to come in the immediate future, Americans should reflect on what the assassination of Suleimani (and of a senior Iraqi, in an operation that grossly disregarded Iraqi sovereignty) says about what kind of global citizen the United States has become under Trump. In the past three years, Trump has registered historically low citizenship grades, with behavior ranging from the intentionally destructive, such as crippling international organizations, to the simply boorish, such as shoving heads of government out of the way. But now has come an even more significant and negative departure. The United States had not assassinated foreign leaders, no matter how loathsome they were, for the past half-century—not since the days of exploding cigars intended to kill Cuba’s Fidel Castro and a U.S.-blessed coup in South Vietnam in 1963 that included the assassination of President Ngo Dinh Diem. With the killing of Suleimani, that moratorium has ended.

除了对眼前的破坏性短视和不久的将来还会出现的更多破坏的目光短浅，美国人应该反思，暗杀苏莱曼尼(以及一名伊拉克高级官员，这次行动严重无视伊拉克主权 ) 说明了在特朗普的领导下，美国已经变成了什么样的世界公民。

在过去三年里，特朗普的全球公民身份等级处于历史最低水平，他的行为包括有意破坏的行为，比如削弱国际组织，把（别国）政府首脑推到一边等粗鲁行为，现在又出现了更加重大和更消极的背信弃义。 

在过去的半个世纪里，美国没有暗杀过外国领导人，不管他们多么令人讨厌。

自从有人试图用雪茄炸死古巴领导人菲德尔 · 卡斯特罗以及1963年美国支持的南越政变( 包括暗杀总统吴廷琰以来，就没有这样的事情发生过，随着苏莱曼尼的被杀，这一禁令已经结束了。

Apparent exceptions to that moratorium have come within the context of warfare, such as with the opening air salvo of the U.S. war on Iraq in 2003, which included an unsuccessful effort to target Iraqi President Saddam Hussein. But if that is considered a precedent, then it means that Trump, despite all he says about not wanting a new war, has already started a such a war with Iran.

这项禁令的明显例外只出现在战争中，例如2003年美国在伊拉克战争中发动空袭，其中包括一次针对伊拉克总统萨达姆 · 侯赛因的失败行动，但如果这被认为是一个先例，那么这意味着，尽管特朗普说不想发动新的战争，但他已经发动了一场与伊朗的战争。

Refraining from assassinating foreign leaders has been a wise American policy, partly to avoid the negative consequences of such killings. The consequences include reprisals by the targeted parties that may be not only in-kind but also take other forms. Moreover, other parties may be encouraged to play the game of nations by such loose and deadly rules. In this regard, it is worth noting that the Russian foreign ministry’s statement about the Suleimani killing included the observation, “We have encountered a new reality—the murder of a representative of the government of a sovereign state, an official in the absence of any legal grounds for these actions.”

In addition to avoiding the negative practical consequences, foreswearing the assassination of foreign leaders is a matter of principle. It gets to the character and values of a nation, and to the nation’s self-image and self-esteem. Killing other nations’ leaders is not the sort of thing a good nation does. It is the sort of thing terrorists do.

除了避免负面的实际后果之外，预防暗杀外国领导人也是一个原则问题，它涉及到一个国家的性格和价值观，以及这个国家的自我形象和自尊。 

杀害其他国家的领导人不是一个好国家应该做的事情，这是恐怖分子做的事情。

By doing it, Trump has further discredited whatever he says about terrorism. To talk about Suleimani in the same breath as references to slain ISIS chief Aby Bakr al-Baghdadi, as Trump did in his statement following the assassination, grossly misrepresents Suleimani’s role and status. That status is reflected in the huge crowds of Iranians mourning his death. In a recent poll by the University of Maryland, Iranians named Suleimani as the most popular public figure in their country. And as for terrorism, part of the reason for that popularity was Suleimani’s leading role in successfully combating ISIS, which had conducted major operations against Iran.

这样做，特朗普进一步推翻了他关于恐怖主义的任何言论。 

特朗普在暗杀事件发生后的声明中把苏莱曼尼和被杀害的 ISIS 头目阿比 · 巴克尔 · 巴格达迪相提并论，严重歪曲了苏莱曼尼的角色和地位，这种地位反映在大批伊朗人哀悼他的死亡。 

在最近的一次马里兰大学学院市分校民意调查中，伊朗人将苏莱曼尼 称为他们国家最受欢迎的公众人物。 

至于恐怖主义，苏莱曼尼在成功打击伊斯兰国方面发挥了主导作用，而ISIS曾对伊朗实施过重大行动。

Openly killing someone with a missile fired from a military drone does not qualify as terrorism according to the official U.S. definition of a terrorist event, which requires it to be perpetrated by either a non-state actor or a clandestine agent of a state. But used for the assassination of a foreign leader, the nature and consequences of the act are the same. The only difference is the available hardware. If Iran had Reaper drones, it no doubt would try to use them to retaliate in kind. But Iran doesn’t have such high-tech aircraft, so its retaliation will use other means that the Trump administration will denounce as terrorism, amid cries to climb another rung on the ladder of escalation that Trump himself created.

根据美国官方对恐怖事件的定义，用军用无人机发射的导弹公开杀人不算恐怖主义，因为恐怖主义事件的实施者要么是非国家行为者，要么是某个国家的秘密特工，但用于暗杀外国领导人，性质和后果是相同的行为，唯一的区别是可用的硬件。

如果伊朗拥有“收割者”无人机，毫无疑问，它会试图用它们来进行同样的报复。 

但伊朗没有这样的高科技飞机，因此它的报复将使用特朗普政府谴责为恐怖主义的其他手段，同时在特朗普亲自制造的升级阶梯上再爬一级。

If Trump and Pompeo really want to get off that ladder, they need to do more than just say they want de-escalation. They actually need to de-escalate. That means not only backing off from more provocative and deadly kinetic acts; it also means backing off from the economic warfare that started the destructive cycle.

如果特朗普和蓬佩奥想要脱离这个阶梯，他们需要做的不仅仅是口头上说要下台阶，他们必须做出有效的缓和，不仅意味着放弃更具挑衅性和致命性的动能行为，还意味着放弃开启破坏性循环的经济战。

A great nation, as the United States has been throughout its history, sets and observes high standards of international behavior. It does so confident that its strength and character will enable it to protect and advance its interests effectively without stooping to lower standards and doing the sorts of things that rogue states and terrorists do. By acting like a rogue, Trump has diminished America’s greatness. 

一个伟大的国家，就像历史上的美国一样，制定并遵守国际行为的高标准。 

它深信自己的实力和特点将使它能够有效地保护和推进自身利益，而不会屈尊降低标准，做出流氓国家和恐怖分子做的那种事情。 

特朗普表现得像个流氓，削弱了美国的伟大。评论翻译原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com 翻译：宛如诗 转载请注明出处

R. Arandas ?

If we do go to war, most of Europe will not support us, just FYI.

如果我们真的开战，大多数欧洲人不会支持我们，仅供参考。

exf14rio ?

Here’’s a news flash, Mr. Pillar… you aren’’t privvy to high level intel. It’’s easy to guess and guess wrong when you don’’t know what’’s going on. 

BTW, you show an amazing sympathy for these Islamist terrorists - I think YOU have a lot to answer for, before you start accusing others of recklessness.

我得说，皮勒（文章作者），你又不是什么高级情报人员，你不知道发生了什么的时候，你很容易猜错。

顺便说一句，你对这些伊斯兰恐怖分子表现出惊人的同情——我认为在你开始指责其他人鲁莽之前，还是先拎清楚自己把。

CaptCanuck ? 

The Ayatollahs support terror like Hezbollah who are terrorists they supply the Taliban, Hamas, Palestinian Islamic Jihad etc all sorts of degenerates. The sooner Iran becomes less radical and gets rid of the mental mullahs the better.

阿亚图拉们（对伊朗等国伊斯兰教什叶派领袖的尊称）支持像真主党这样的恐怖组织，他们为塔利班、哈马斯、巴勒斯坦伊斯兰圣战组织组织等各色堕落分子提供支持，伊朗越早变得不那么激进，越早摆脱精神毛拉越好。

R. Arandas CaptCanuck ?

This general also helped fight back Sunni militant groups in the region though, nothing is black-or-white regarding the Middle East.

这位将军也帮助打击了该地区的逊尼派武装组织，但在中东，没什么是非黑白之分。

wm97 ? 

Donald Trump has the same attention span as a dog in a room full of squirrels. What do you expect?

特朗普的注意力广度，就像满是松鼠的房间里的一条狗一样，你想指望什么？

Yuki ? 

“If Trump and Pompeo really want to get off that ladder, they need to do more than just say they want de-escalation. They actually need to de-escalate. That means not only backing off from more provocative and deadly kinetic acts; it also means backing off from the economic warfare that started the destructive cycle.” white flag ? surrender ?

“如果特朗普和蓬佩奥想要脱离这个阶梯，他们需要做的不仅仅是口头上说要下台阶，他们必须做出有效的缓和，不仅意味着放弃更具挑衅性和致命性的动能行为，还意味着放弃开启破坏性循环的经济战。”

——这是要举白旗？要投降？

wm97 Yuki ? 

I think it means, do something besides knee jerk reactions. You know, the thing Trump is weak at.

我认为这句话的意思是，做点除本能反应之外的事情，特朗普缺啥，你懂的。

Steve Dutch ? 

Bin Ladin was stupid. He hit targets of symbolic value but he inflicted gratuitous casualties on innocent people. He unified Americans even if he did ultimately manage to goad us into a morass of security theater. And by convincing Americans that Islam was their enemy, helped lay the groundwork for Trump. We aren’t the only people who create blowback.

So if Iran hits iconic targets like the Statue of Liberty, or mass targets of innocent people like sporting events, they’ll only reinforce the anti-Islamic climate in the U.S. Plus remove any moral qualms against striking back with full force.

Smart, while staying as far as possible off DHS radar, would be to target Trump’s personal interests. Or those of his most rabid supporters. I’ve got a little list….

本 · 拉登是个笨蛋，他袭击具有象征意义的目标，毫无理由地造成无辜平民的伤亡，他把美国人团结起来，尽管他最终设法把我们带进了一个泥潭里，通过让美国人相信伊斯兰教是他们的敌人，帮助为特朗普奠定了基础，我们不是唯一制造反效果的人。

因此，如果伊朗袭击像自由女神像这样的标志性目标，或者像体育赛事这样的大规模无辜民众目标，他们只会加剧美国的反伊斯兰气氛，并消除任何反对全力反击的道德疑虑。

聪明的做法是，尽可能远离国土安全部的监视，把目标对准特朗普的个人利益，或者那些他最狂热的支持者，巧了，我这有一份小小的清单。。

George King? 

I predict that there will be simultaneous incidents where many Americans and their assets in the Middle East which will suffer attacks in the near future. Every US generals or recognizable service man in the Middle East is now a target, not just from Iraqi trainees but also from the population and not just there but those in USA also. That’s the rage when you assassinate a hero who help decimated ISIS. 

People such as Ivanka who are not directly in the line of fire may be targeted and so also other prominent people, because if Trump wants to use assassination as a tool, then he just opened the flood gates for the Middle Eastern patriots to do the same.

Previously, there are restraints and always the Israelis Mozad were the culprits to do the USA work and US can claim deniability. Now, the blood is on Trump’s hand and thus by extension, Americans are targeted since they elected him. The sad part is that Trump doesn’t care and is not smart enough to see the implications for all Americans when he followed the ill advices of those closed to him who are out for war.

我预计，在不久的将来，许多美国人和他们在中东的设施将同时遭受袭击。

在中东的每一位美国将军或知名的军人现在都是目标，不仅是伊拉克的受训人员，也包括自当地和美国的民众，这就是刺杀一个帮助摧毁ISIS的英雄的愤怒。

像伊万卡这样没有直接在火线上的人可能会成为目标，其他名人也会成为目标，因为如果特朗普把暗杀作为一种工具，那么他就为中东的爱国者打开了同样的大门。

以前，还是有一些节制的，往往是以色列的摩萨德充当替罪羊，美国可以否认，现在，特朗普手上沾满了鲜血，自从他当选美国总统以来，美国人就成了他们的目标。

可悲的是，当特朗普听从那些与他关系密切的参谋人员的错误建议时，他并不在乎，也没有足够的智慧来认识到这对所有美国人的影响。

R. Arandas Irtaza Malik Awan ? 

The Middle East should solve its own problems, if the Arabs or Israelis dislike this man, they should try to oppose him without American interference.

中东应该独立解决自己的问题，如果阿拉伯人或以色列人不喜欢这个人，他们也应该是在没有美国干涉的情况下反对他。

wm97 Irtaza Malik Awan ? 

At the same time, we have a President whose college professors said that he was the stupidest person ever to walk into their classrooms. He has attention deficit disorder so severe that he can’’t read a full page of printed text. He never was able to complete a one-hour test on anything in school simply because he can’’t sit still that long. It is doubtful that he could even locate Iran on a map. He has already proven that he can’’t locate NK on a map.

Just the kind of person we want to have in charge to deal with the crazies. Right?

与此同时，我们有一位总统，他的大学教授说他是有史以来走进他们教室的最愚蠢的人。

他患有严重的注意力缺陷障碍，无法阅读完一整页书，在学校里，他从来没能完成过一个小时的考试，因为他不能长时间坐着不动，他甚至无法在地图上确定伊朗的位置，他已经证明他在地图上找不到朝鲜的位置。

但正是我们选出这种人来负责处理这些疯狂的事情，对吧？

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